Status of Goitre or Thyroid Disorders in India

दैनिक समाचार

India has completed its transition from iodine deficiency to iodine replete status. It is believed that iodine supplementation can cause a spurt in autoimmune thyroid dysfunction and hypothyroidism, by making the thyroid gland more susceptible to damage by body’s own immune system. The prevalence of self-reported goitre or thyroid disorder in National Family Health Survey IV [NFHS IV (2015-2016)] was 2.2%, while it was 2.9% in NFHS-V (2019-2021).

The NFHS IV (2015-2016) has reported that amongst individuals between the age 15-49 years, the self-reported prevalence of goitre or thyroid disorder was nearly 2% in females and less than 1% in males. Also, the reported prevalence increased with age in women (15-19 years: 0.7%; 20-34 years: 1.8%; 35-49 years: 3.4%). As per NFHS V, the details of States/UTs wise cases reported are given below.

Goitre or Thyroid Disorders
STATE/UTNumber of Women per 100000
Kerala8696
Jammu and Kashmir6809
Delhi NCT5926
Telangana5763
West Bengal5298
Andhra Pradesh4551
Tamil Nadu4076
Himachal Pradesh3776
Tripura3643
Punjab3407
Manipur2989
Haryana2701
Assam2642
Goa2548
Uttarakhand2411
Sikkim2220
Maharashtra2126
Odisha2081
Meghalaya1988
Karnataka1969
Bihar1705
Jharkhand1697
Rajasthan1310
Uttar Pradesh1281
Gujarat1151
Madhya Pradesh1087
Mizoram908
Chhattisgarh903
Arunachal Pradesh732
Nagaland505

As per the NFHS IV (2015-2016), amongst 6,99,686 women in their reproductive age groups (15-49 years), those in the highest quintile of wealth index had three to four-fold higher risk of having thyroid disorders. In addition, there was a graded increase in risk of having thyroid disorders from poorest to richest.

The Union Minister of State for Health and Family Welfare, Dr. Bharati Pravin Pawar stated this in a written reply in the RajyaSabha today.

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